New progress in diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2021.02.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Sarcopenia is a disease with the gradual loss of muscle and resulting in decreased muscle strength and motor function. More and more studies have shown that sarcopenia is a major risk factor for adverse outcomes in the elderly. Therefore, early identification and diagnosis and timely effective interventions are the key to maintain the body function, reducing or postponing negative health-related events, and ensure the quality of life of the elderly. This article reviews the relevant literature on sarcopenia in the past decade and focuses on the new progress in diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia, in order to provide help for further understanding and early diagnosis and implementation of individualized comprehensive treatment of sarcopenia.

Key words: Sarcopenia, Diagnosis, Treatment

Qun Xu, Zherong Xu. New progress in diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2021, 08(02): 35-44.

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References 89

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不同标准	肌肉质量（kg/m²）	握力	运动功能
欧洲老年人肌少症工作组（2010）	DXA-SMI：男<7.26，女<5.50；	男<30 kg，女<20 kg	步速<1 m/s
	BIA-SMI：男<8.87，女<6.42		步速<1 m/s
国际肌少症工作组（2011）	DXA-SMI：男<7.23，女<5.67	—
亚洲肌减少症工作组（2014）	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.4；	男<26 kg，女<18 kg	步速<0.8 m/s
	BIA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.7
美国国立卫生研究院基金会（2014）	ALM_BMI：男<0.789，女<0.512	男<26 kg，女<16 kg	—
欧洲老年人肌少症工作组（2018）	ALM：男<19.75，女<15.02；	男<27 kg，女<16 kg	步速<0.8 m/s或SPPB≤8分或TUG≥20 s或400 m步行未完成或需≥6 min或站起试验5次>15 s
	ASM：男<20，女<15；
	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<6.0
亚洲肌减少症工作组（2019）	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.4；	男<28 kg，女<18 kg	步速<1.0 m/s或SPPB≤9分或站起试验5次>12 s
	BIA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.7		步速<1.0 m/s或SPPB≤9分或站起试验5次>12 s

不同标准	肌肉质量（kg/m²）	握力	运动功能
欧洲老年人肌少症工作组（2010）	DXA-SMI：男<7.26，女<5.50；	男<30 kg，女<20 kg	步速<1 m/s
	BIA-SMI：男<8.87，女<6.42		步速<1 m/s
国际肌少症工作组（2011）	DXA-SMI：男<7.23，女<5.67	—
亚洲肌减少症工作组（2014）	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.4；	男<26 kg，女<18 kg	步速<0.8 m/s
	BIA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.7
美国国立卫生研究院基金会（2014）	ALM_BMI：男<0.789，女<0.512	男<26 kg，女<16 kg	—
欧洲老年人肌少症工作组（2018）	ALM：男<19.75，女<15.02；	男<27 kg，女<16 kg	步速<0.8 m/s或SPPB≤8分或TUG≥20 s或400 m步行未完成或需≥6 min或站起试验5次>15 s
	ASM：男<20，女<15；
	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<6.0
亚洲肌减少症工作组（2019）	DXA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.4；	男<28 kg，女<18 kg	步速<1.0 m/s或SPPB≤9分或站起试验5次>12 s
	BIA-SMI：男<7.0，女<5.7		步速<1.0 m/s或SPPB≤9分或站起试验5次>12 s

不同需求	适用于临床	适用于科研
病例筛查	SARC-F问卷；Ishii筛查工具	SARC-F
肌力测试	握力；站起试验(坐-立5次)	站起实验(坐-立5次)
肌量和肌质评估	DXA评估四肢肌量；BIA评估全身肌量或四肢肌量；CT或MRI检测计算腰椎横截面积	DXA评估四肢肌量；MRI评估全身肌量或四肢肌量；通过活检、CT、MRI或MRS评估大腿中部或全身肌量
身体功能评估	步速；SPPB；TUG；400 m步行	步速；SPPB；TUG；400 m步行

不同需求	适用于临床	适用于科研
病例筛查	SARC-F问卷；Ishii筛查工具	SARC-F
肌力测试	握力；站起试验(坐-立5次)	站起实验(坐-立5次)
肌量和肌质评估	DXA评估四肢肌量；BIA评估全身肌量或四肢肌量；CT或MRI检测计算腰椎横截面积	DXA评估四肢肌量；MRI评估全身肌量或四肢肌量；通过活检、CT、MRI或MRS评估大腿中部或全身肌量
身体功能评估	步速；SPPB；TUG；400 m步行	步速；SPPB；TUG；400 m步行

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