Research progress of resistance exercise and magnesium in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2021.02.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Sarcopenia is closely related to frailty, fall and decline of body function in the elderly. The main factors of sarcopenia are aging, long-term immobilization and lack of movement. Exercise, especially resistance training, is an important rehabilitation method for the prevention of sarcopenia. Resistance exercise promotes muscle growth and prevents muscle quality decline through mTOR pathway. Malnutrition is another important cause of sarcopenia, and trace elements are important nutritional factors. Recent studies have found that magnesium in trace elements is closely related to muscle function. Supplementation of magnesium can help maintain muscle strength and quality, enhance exercise performance and prevent sarcopenia in the elderly. Therefore, exercise combined with magnesium supplementation is expected to become a new rehabilitation strategy for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

Key words: Resistance exercises, Magnesium, Sarcopenia, Exercise rehabilitation

Xinyue Gu, Shimin Wang, Binbing Pan, Shengcun Li. Research progress of resistance exercise and magnesium in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2021, 08(02): 45-49.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhlnbyjdzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2021.02.008

https://zhlnbyjdzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V08/I02/45

References 48

[1]	Bauer JM. Sarcopenia and frailty 2016 : Going separate ways[J]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 2016, 49(7):565-566.
[2]	Dalle S, Rossmeislova L, Koppo K. The role of inflammation in age-related sarcopenia[J]. Front Physiol, 2017, 8:1045-1046.
[3]	Koo BK, Kim D, Joo SK, et al. Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and significant fibrosis[J]. J Hepatol, 2017, 66(1):123-131.
[4]	He H, Liu Y, Tian Q, et al. Relationship of sarcopenia and body composition with osteoporosis[J]. Osteoporos Int, 2016, 27(2):473-482.
[5]	Gadelha AB, Neri S, Nóbrega OT, et al. Muscle quality is associated with dynamic balance, fear of falling, and falls in older women[J]. Exp Gerontol, 2018, 104:1-6.
[6]	Heffernan SM, Horner K, De Vito G, et al. The role of mineral and trace element supplementation in exercise and athletic performance: A systematic review[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(3):696.
[7]	Ebner N, Elsner S, Springer J, et al. Molecular mechanisms and treatment targets of muscle wasting and cachexia in heart failure: an overview[J]. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care, 2014, 8(1):15-24.
[8]	Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2020, 21(3):300-307.
[10]	Chiu SC, Yang RS, Yang RJ, et al. Effects of resistance training on body composition and functional capacity among sarcopenic obese residents in long-term care facilities: A preliminary study[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2018, 18(1):21-32.
[11]	Gianoudis J, Bailey CA, Daly RM. Associations between sedentary behaviour and body composition, muscle function and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults[J]. Osteoporos Int, 2015, 26(2):571-579.
[12]	Westbury LD, Dodds RM, Syddall HE, et al. Associations between objectively measured physical activity, body composition and sarcopenia: findings from the sertfordshire sarcopenia study (HSS)[J]. Calcif Tissue Int, 2018, 103(3):237-245.
[13]	Ryan AS, Ivey FM, Serra MC, et al. Sarcopenia and physical function in middle-aged and older stroke survivors[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98(3):495-499.
[14]	Yeh DD, Ortiz-Reyes LA, Quraishi SA, et al. Early nutritional inadequacy is associated with psoas muscle deterioration and worse clinical outcomes in critically ill surgical patients[J]. J Crit Care, 2018, 45:7-13.
[15]	Lauretani F, Meschi T, Ticinesi A, et al. "Brain-muscle loop" in the fragility of older persons: From pathophysiology to new organizing models[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2017, 29(6):1305-1311.
[16]	Gianoudis J, Bailey CA, Daly RM. Associations between sedentary behaviour and body composition, muscle function and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults[J]. Osteoporos Int, 2015, 26(2):571-579.
[17]	Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour[J]. Br J Sports Med, 2020, 54(24):1451-1462.
[18]	Makanae Y, Fujita S. Role of exercise and nutrition in the prevention of sarcopenia[J]. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 2015, 61 (Supplement):S125-S127.
[19]	Lee SY, Tung HH, Liu CY, et al. Physical activity and sarcopenia in the geriatric population: A systematic review[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2018, 19(5):378-383.
[20]	陈姝，盛云露，齐婷，等.强化营养联合抗阻运动对老年肌少症患者躯体功能和日常生活能力的影响[J].护理学杂志，2017，32（21）：8-10.
[21]	Vahlberg B, Lindmark B, Zetterberg L, et al. Body composition and physical function after progressive resistance and balance training among older adults after stroke: An exploratory randomized controlled trial[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 2016, 39(12):1207-1214.
[22]	Trouwborst I, Verreijen A, Memelink R, et al. Exercise and nutrition strategies to counteract sarcopenic obesity[J]. Nutrients, 2018, 10(5):605-626.
[23]	Snijders T, Nederveen JP, Joanisse S, et al. Muscle fibre capillarization is a critical factor in muscle fibre hypertrophy during resistance exercise training in older men[J]. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2017, 8(2):267-276.
[24]	Ziaaldini MM, Marzetti E, Picca A, et al. Biochemical pathways of sarcopenia and their modulation by physical exercise: A narrative review[J]. Front Med, 2017, 4:167-175.
[25]	Mitchell WK, Phillips BE, Hill I, et al. Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men[J]. Clin Sci, 2017, 131(21):2643-2653.
[26]	Tromm CB, Pozzi BG, Paganini CS, et al. The role of continuous versus fractionated physical training on muscle oxidative stress parameters and calcium-handling proteins in aged rats[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2016, 28(5):833-841.
[27]	Fyfe JJ, Bishop DJ, Bartlett JD, et al. Enhanced skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis, yet attenuated mTORC1 and ribosome biogenesis-related signalling, following short-term concurrent versus single-mode resistance training[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):560-581.
[28]	Rasmus K, Munk-Hansen N, Birk JB, et al. Enhanced muscle insulin sensitivity after contraction/exercise is mediated by AMPK[J]. Diabetes, 2017, 66(3):598-612.
[29]	Han EY, Im SH. Effects of a 6-week aquatic treadmill exercise program on cardiorespiratory fitness and walking endurance in subacute stroke patients: A pilot trial[J]. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev, 2018, 38(5):314-319.
[30]	Blumenthal JB, Gitterman A, Ryan AS, et al. Effects of exercise training and weight loss on plasma fetuin-a levels and insulin sensitivity in overweight older men[J]. J Diabetes Res, 2017, 2017:1492581.
[31]	Villareal DT, Aguirre L, Gurney AB, et al. Aerobic or resistance exercise, or both, in dieting obese older adults[J]. N Engl J Med, 2017, 376(20):1943-1955.
[32]	Bales CW, L.Locher J, Soltzman E. Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging[M]. 3rd. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2015:35-53.
[33]	Macdonell SO, Miller JC, Waters DL, et al. Dietary patterns in the frail elderly[J]. Curr Nutr Rep, 2016, 5(1):1-8.
[34]	Cermak NM, Res PT, Groot LCD, et al. Protein supplementation augments the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to resistance-type exercise training: A meta-analysis[J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2012, 96:1454-1464.
[35]	Liao CD, Tsauo JY, Wu YT, et al. Effects of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise on body composition and physical function in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2017, 106(4):1078-1091.
[36]	Weisgarber KD, Candow DG, Farthing JP. Whey protein and high-volume resistance training in postmenopausal women[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2015, 19(5):511-517.
[37]	Borg ST, Lisette CG, Mijnarends DM, et al. Differences in nutrient intake and biochemical nutrient status between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic older adults-results fromthe maastricht sarcopenia study[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2016, 17(5):393-401.
[38]	Verlaan S, Aspray TJ, Bauer JM, et al. Nutritional status, body composition, and quality of life in community-dwelling sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults: A case-control study[J]. Clin Nutr, 2017, 36(1):267-274.
[39]	Dronkelaar CV, Velzen AV, Abdelrazek M, et al. Minerals and sarcopenia: The role of calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, and zinc on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults: a systematic review[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2018, 19(1):6-11.
[40]	Rpg H, Mah L, Mulligan AA, et al. Cross-sectional associations of dietary and circulating magnesium with skeletal muscle mass in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort[J]. Clin Nutr, 2018, 38(1):317-323.
[41]	Welch AA, Kelaiditi E, Jennings A, et al. Dietary magnesium is positively associated with skeletal muscle power and indices of muscle mass and may attenuate the association between circulating c-reactive protein and muscle mass in women [J]. J Bone Mineral Res, 2016, 31(2):317-325.
[42]	Mason M. Effects of transdermal magnesium chloride on muscle damage and force production after eccentric exercise[D]. America North Carolina, UNC Chapel Hill, 2017:1-38
[43]	Moslehi N, Vafa M, Sarrafzadeh J, et al. Does magnesium supplementation improve body composition and muscle strength in middle-aged overweight women? A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial[J]. Biol Trace Elem Res, 2013, 153(1-3):111-118.
[44]	Zhang Y, Xun P, Wang R, et al. Can magnesium enhance exercise performance[J]. Nutrients, 2017, 9(9):946-956.
[45]	Veronese N, Berton L, Carraro S, et al. Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on physical performance in healthy elderly women involved in a weekly exercise program: A randomized controlled trial[J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2014, 100(3):974-981.
[46]	Chen HY, Cheng FC, Pan HC, et al. Magnesium enhances exercise performance via increasing glucose availability in the blood, muscle, and brain during exercise[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(1):e85486-e85488.
[47]	Setaro L, Santossilva PR, Nakano EY, et al. Magnesium status and the physical performance of volleyball players: effects of magnesium supplementation[J]. J Sports Sci, 2014, 32(5):438-445.
[48]	Welch AA, Skinner J, Hickson M. Dietary magnesium may be protective for aging of bone and skeletal muscle in middle and younger older age men and women: Cross-sectional findings from the UK biobank cohort[J]. Nutrients, 2017, 9(11):1189-1190.

[1]	Zhuoyi Fu, Shengcheng Tang, Qiaomei Bu, Gaobing Xu, Anping Wu, Wei Cai, Ming Yang, Haitao Tan. Research progress of magnesium in treatment of osteoarthritis [J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(03): 354-362.
[2]	Wenqian Tang, Xiangyang Xu, Song Wang, Shuhua Liu. Research progress of exercise rehabilitation in severe burns [J]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2023, 18(02): 169-173.
[3]	Jindong Ma, Lei Wang, Tingting Cai, Xiangfei Jiao, Qiangpu Chen. Current status and influencing factors of sarcopenia in abdominal surgery inpatients [J]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(01): 69-74.
[4]	Caiyan Gao, Shuze Zhang, Hongtai Cao, Hanteng Yang, Jie Mao. Advances in the study of sarcopenia among patients with gastric cancer [J]. Chinese Archives of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(04): 302-307.
[5]	Ning Wang, Yanzhe Liu, Ziying Wu, Chao Zeng, Guanghua Lei, Tingting Sha, Yilun Wang. Causal associations of gut Microbiota with phenotype indicators of sarcopenia: A mendelian randomization study [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(06): 333-342.
[6]	Yan Yao, Huibin Huang. Assessment of muscle mass in critically ill patients: role of the molecular biomarkers and images studies [J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(04): 371-377.
[7]	Huimin Kong, Xiuqin Wang, Hai Liang. Comparative study of oral solution of magnesium sodium potassium sulfate and polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder on intestinal cleansing in patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition), 2023, 13(04): 259-261.
[8]	Jiayuan Wang, Xiaodong Wang. Progress in research of sarcopenia in digestive system malignant tumors [J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(07): 823-827.
[9]	Jingdong Ma, Xiangfei Jiao, Tingting Cai, Qiangpu Chen. Research progress of sarcopenia and liver cancer [J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(03): 356-359.
[10]	Lei Li, Juan Liu, Yue Lu. The prediction of serum vitamin D level on lower limb strength reduction in maintenance hemodialysis patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Diagnostics(Electronic Edition), 2022, 10(03): 197-201.
[11]	Jiawei Chen, Zeyun Li, Le Xiao, Jianwen Chen, Jiling Liang, Jingtao Zhou. Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in the elderly in China: A meta-analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 09(04): 40-45.
[12]	Yiqing Hu, Yuchen Huang, Lu Luo, Jiwei Fang, Huanbing Liu. Clinical predictive value of sarcopenia assessment in middle-aged and elderly patients with acute pancreatitis [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 09(03): 1-5.
[13]	Youdi Tao, Xiong'ang Huang, Jian Lin, Yang Tang. The function improvement effect of Taijiquan exercise on elderly patients with chronic kidney disease complicated with sarcopenia [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 09(02): 18-21.
[14]	Yiqing Hu, Huanbing Liu. Intestinal flora and sarcopenia in the elderly [J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 09(02): 9-12.
[15]	Jisong Tian, Yijie Wang, Huiwen Li, Shumin Wang. Pathogenesis and evaluation of stroke-related sarcopenia [J]. Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(01): 22-26.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export