With the rapid progression of population aging, issues such as multimorbidity, declining functional reserve, and polypharmacy among older patients have become increasingly prominent. The implant restoration treatment for tooth loss in the elderly is shifting from an evaluation based solely on local anatomical feasibility to comprehensive management that integrates systemic risk assessment and functional maintenance. Based on the core technology of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and introducing the geriatric "5M" framework (Mind, Mobility, Medications, Multicomplexity, Matters Most), this study systematically reviews the key risk factors and stratified management pathways for the perioperative period of dental implant placement in elderly patients. It primarily focuses on the potential mechanisms underlying the interactions between tooth loss and common geriatric syndromes such as malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, and cognitive impairment. It also focuses on how to conduct structured assessment based on the "5M" framework and how to construct a stratified management path centered on CGA, thereby providing clinical references for more benefits for elderly patients undergoing dental implantation.