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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (02) : 36 -43. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2024.02.008

护理园地

社区老年人对肌少症知识知晓率的调查分析
管惠兰1,(), 张靖梅2, 解艳红1   
  1. 1. 310013 杭州,浙江医院老年病科
    2. 310006 杭州,浙江省中医院老年病科
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2024-05-28
  • 通信作者: 管惠兰

Investigation in the awareness of sarcopenia knowledge among community elderly patients

Huilan Guan1,(), Jingmei Zhang2, Yanhong Xie1   

  1. 1. Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
    2. Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
  • Received:2024-03-11 Published:2024-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Huilan Guan
引用本文:

管惠兰, 张靖梅, 解艳红. 社区老年人对肌少症知识知晓率的调查分析[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2024, 11(02): 36-43.

Huilan Guan, Jingmei Zhang, Yanhong Xie. Investigation in the awareness of sarcopenia knowledge among community elderly patients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2024, 11(02): 36-43.

目的

调查老年人群对肌少症的知晓情况并分析其影响因素,为开展老年肌少症知识宣教及老年肌少症防控干预提供依据。

方法

采用便利抽样法调查浙江省6个市县965名65岁及以上社区老年人群针对肌少症症状、危险因素和防控干预方法三个维度的知晓情况,并采用二元Logistic回归分析其影响因素。

结果

老年人群对肌少症症状、危险因素、防控干预方法三个维度的知晓率分别为47.9%、47.7%、36.3%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,是否空巢(维度一:OR=3.509,95%CI:2.619~4.961,P<0.01;维度二:OR=3.602,95%CI:2.639~4.915,P<0.01;维度三:OR=3.457,95%CI:2.564~4.661,P<0.01)、受教育程度维度一:OR=1.728,95%CI:1.270~2.229,P<0.01;维度二:OR=1.502,95%CI:1.143~1.975,P<0.01;维度三:OR=1.569,95%CI:1.187~2.074,P<0.01)、家庭经济收入水平维度一:OR=2.244,95%CI:1.523~2.868,P<0.01;维度二:OR=2.386,95%CI:1.754~3.245,P<0.01;维度三:OR=1.710,95%CI:1.259~2.323,P<0.01)是老年人群肌少症知识知晓率的影响因素。

结论

老年人群对肌少症相关知识知晓率低,需要加强肌少症知识宣教与普及,提高老年人群对肌少症的主动预防意识。

Objective

To investigate the awareness rate of sarcopenia knowledge and its influencing factors in the elderly population, and to provide a basis for launching educational campaigns on sarcopenia knowledge and preventive interventions for sarcopenia in the elderly.

Methods

A convenience sampling of 965 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above in six cities and counties in Zhejiang province were surveyed for their awareness of three dimensions of sarcopenia knowledge (symptoms, risk factors, and preventive interventions), and their influencing factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression.

Results

The awareness rates among the elderly population for sarcopenia symptoms, risk factors, and preventive interventions were 47.9%, 47.7%, and 36.3%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that being an empty-nester (dimension one: OR=3.509, 95%CI: 2.619-4.961, P < 0.01; dimension two: OR=3.602, 95%CI: 2.639-4.915, P < 0.01; dimension three: OR=3.457, 95%CI: 2.564-4.661, P < 0.01), level of education (dimension one: OR=1.728, 95%CI: 1.270-2.229, P < 0.01; dimension two: OR=1.502, 95%CI: 1.143-1.975, P < 0.01; dimension three: OR=1.569, 95%CI: 1.187-2.074, P < 0.01), and family income level (dimension one: OR=2.244, 95%CI: 1.523-2.868, P < 0.01; dimension two: OR=2.386, 95%CI: 1.754-3.245, P < 0.01; dimension three: OR=1.710, 95%CI: 1.259-2.323, P < 0.01) were factors influencing the awareness of sarcopenia among the elderly population.

Conclusion

The awareness of the elderly population regarding knowledge about sarcopenia is low, so it is necessary to strength sarcopenia knowledge education, and to increase the awareness of active prevention of sarcopenia in the elderly population.

表1 Logistic回归分析变量及赋值说明
表2 965名社区老年人的一般资料
表3 不同特征社区老年人群对肌少症知识知晓情况比较[例(%)]
人群特征 症状知晓 危险因素知晓 防控干预方法知晓
例(%) χ2 P 例(%) χ2 P 例(%) χ2 P
性别   15.207 <0.01   18.323 <0.01   8.805 <0.01
249(54.6)     251(55.0)     188(41.2)    
214(42.0)     210(41.3)     163(32.0)    
年龄   5.697 >0.05   1.638 >0.05   1.161 >0.05
65~75(不含75)岁 244(51.9)     233(49.6)     179(38.1)    
75~85(不含85)岁 128(44.4)     129(44.8)     100(34.7)    
≥85岁 91(44.0)     99(47.8)     72(34.8)    
婚姻状况   0.272 >0.05   0.024 >0.05   0.413 >0.05
在婚同住 134(46.7)     325(47.9)     251(37.0)    
未婚/其他单身 329(48.5)     136(47.4)     100(34.8)    
是否空巢   74.425 <0.01   75.833 <0.01   77.577 <0.01
非空巢 275(39.4)     273(39.1)     195(27.9)    
空巢 188(70.4)     188(70.4)     156(58.4)    
受教育程度   24.156 <0.01   15.817 <0.01   17.597 <0.01
小学及以下 234(41.3)     240(42.4)     175(30.9)    
中学及以上 229(57.4)     221(55.4)     176(44.1)    
受访者来源   0.900 >0.05   0.003 >0.05   9.321 <0.01
城市 253(49.4)     245(47.9)     209(40.8)    
农村 210(46.4)     216(47.7)     142(31.3)    
地区   47.661 <0.01   21.339 <0.01   42.511 <0.01
浙北 239(54.3)     228(51.8)     180(40.9)    
浙中 144(35.6)     160(39.6)     104(25.7)    
浙南 80(66.1)     73(60.3)     67(55.4)    
家庭经济情况   28.689 <0.01   23.996 <0.01   13.542 <0.01
较好 159(62.4)     158(62.0)     117(45.9)    
普通 304(42.8)     313(44.1)     234(33.0)    
吸烟状况   2.361 >0.05   1.449 >0.05   2.498 >0.05
吸烟 43(44.8)     49(51.0)     33(34.3)    
不吸烟 358(47.4)     353(46.8)     269(35.6)    
戒烟 62(48.0)     59(51.8)     49(43.0)    
饮酒状况   6.599 >0.05   2.159 >0.05   9.597 <0.01
饮酒 62(46.6)     67(50.4)     49(36.8)    
不饮酒 350(46.7)     349(46.6)     259(34.6)    
戒酒 51(61.4)     45(54.2)     43(51.8)    
慢病情况   1.128 >0.05   1.266 >0.05   0.875 >0.05
≥5种慢病 133(45.4)     148(50.5)     113(38.6)    
<5种慢病 330(49.1)     313(46.6)     238(32.2)    
SARC-F   0.249 >0.05   0.922 >0.05   3.851 0.050
<4分 378(47.6)     385(48.5)     300(37.8)    
≥4分 85(49.7)     76(44.4)     51(29.8)    
MNA-SF   0.555 >0.05   1.324 >0.05   4.011 >0.05
≥12分 327(47.8)     334(48.8)     262(38.3)    
8~11分 113(47.5)     106(44.5)     74(31.1)    
≤7分 23(53.5)     21(48.8)     15(34.9)    
表4 社区老年人对肌少症知识知晓率影响因素的二元logistic回归分析结果
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