切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (02) : 10 -14. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2024.02.003

临床研究

急诊内科老年新型冠状病毒感染患者低钠血症发生情况调查分析
张宇1, 王林1,()   
  1. 1. 300211 天津医科大学第二医院保健医疗部/老年病科
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-02 出版日期:2024-05-28
  • 通信作者: 王林

The occurrence of hyponatremia in elderly patients with corona virus disease 2019 admitted to the emergency department

Yu Zhang1, Lin Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Geriatric, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Received:2023-11-02 Published:2024-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Lin Wang
引用本文:

张宇, 王林. 急诊内科老年新型冠状病毒感染患者低钠血症发生情况调查分析[J]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2024, 11(02): 10-14.

Yu Zhang, Lin Wang. The occurrence of hyponatremia in elderly patients with corona virus disease 2019 admitted to the emergency department[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2024, 11(02): 10-14.

目的

调查分析急诊内科老年新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)患者低钠血症的发生情况。

方法

选取2022年12月26日至2023年1月5日天津医科大学第二医院急诊内科收治的159例老年COVID-19患者的资料。根据血清钠离子水平将患者分为血钠正常组和低钠血症组,比较两组患者的症状、既往史、实验室检查结果、临床分型及病情严重程度等。计量资料的比较采用t检验,计数资料的比较采用χ2检验。

结果

159例患者中共65例发生低钠血症,发生率为40.9%,以轻度低钠血症为主(73.85%)。与血钠正常组比较,低钠血症组患者年龄更大、女性比例更高、发热及纳差等症状发生率更高、既往患有高血压病、冠心病、2型糖尿病、慢性肾脏病的比例更高(t=6.257,χ2=5.122、4.924、11.610、9.803、6.409、6.183、4.078,P<0.05或0.01),中性粒细胞百分比、C反应蛋白、D-二聚体、氨基末端脑钠肽前体水平更高(t=3.540、4.420、3.243、4.488,P<0.01),血钠浓度及血浆渗透压更低(t=-20.050、-15.142,P<0.01);中型、重型、危重型患者比例明显升高,且急诊医生建议入院治疗比例更高(χ2=38.868、35.688,P<0.01)。

结论

老年COVID-19患者低钠血症发生率较高,伴有低钠血症的COVID-19患者的合并症更多、炎症反应更强烈、病情更重,应积极治疗,降低死亡风险。

Objective

To investigate the occurrence of hyponatremia in elderly patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to the emergency department.

Methods

Data of 159 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Emergency Department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University during December 26, 2022 and January 5, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to serum sodium ion level, all patients were divided into eunatremia group and hyponatremia group. Clinical symptoms, medical history, laboratory test results, clinical classification and severity were compared between the two groups. T test was used to compare the measurement data, and χ2 test was used to compare the counting data.

Results

Hyponatremia was developed in 65 out of 159 patients, with an incidence of 40.9%, and mild hyponatremia was the most popular (73.85%). Compared with the eunatremia group, patients in hyponatremia group were older, the proportion of women was higher, the symptoms such as fever and anorexia were more popular, and the proportions of patients with hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease were higher (t=6.257; χ2=5.122, 4.924, 11.610, 9.803, 6.409, 6.183, 4.078; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); The percentage of neutrophils, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide levels were higher, while blood sodium concentration and plasma osmotic pressure were lower (t=3.540, 4.420, 3.243, 4.488, -20.050, -15.142; P < 0.01); The proportion of patients with moderate, severe, and critical conditions significantly increased, and the proportion of patients recommended for hospitalization by emergency doctors was higher (χ2=38.868, 35.688; P < 0.01).

Conclusion

The incidence of hyponatremia in elderly COVID-19 patients is high, and COVID-19 patients with hyponatremia have more complications, stronger inflammatory reactions, and more severe conditions, so active treatment should be carried out to reduce the risk of death.

表1 是否低钠血症COVID-19患者临床特征的比较[±s或例%)]
表2 是否低钠血症的新型冠状病毒感染患者的实验室检查结果比较[±s或例%)]
表3 是否低钠血症患者的新型冠状病毒感染临床分型及严重程度的比较[±s或例%)]
[1]
张苑,卢婷,尤勇.新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控新阶段和动态清零阶段急诊就诊患者特征分析[J].华南预防医学202349(5):656-659.
[2]
Pourfridoni M, Abbasnia SM, Shafaei F, et al. Fluid and electrolyte disturbances in COVID-19 and their complications[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2021, 2021:6667047.
[3]
国家卫生健康委办公厅,国家中医药局综合司.关于印发新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)的通知[EB/OL].(2023-01-05)[2023-09-18].

URL    
[4]
Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia[J]. Eur J Endocrinol, 2014, 170(3):G1-G47.
[5]
Chilamakuri R, Agarwal S. COVID-19: Characteristics and therapeutics[J]. Cells, 2021, 10(2):206.
[6]
Shi Y, Wang G, Cai XP, et al. An overview of COVID-19[J]. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2020, 21(5):343-360.
[7]
中华医学会内分泌学分会电解质紊乱学组.低钠血症的中国专家共识[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志202339(12):999-1009.
[8]
Chittal AR, Rao SJ, Lakra P, et al. Asymptomatic hyponatremia precipitated by COVID-19 pneumonia[J]. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect, 2021, 11(6):779-781.
[9]
Aggarwal S, Garcia-Telles N, Aggarwal G, et al. Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Early report from the United States[J]. Diagnosis (Berl), 2020, 7(2):91-96.
[10]
Machiraju PK, Alex NM, Safinaaz, et al. Hyponatremia in coronavirus disease-19 patients: A retrospective analysis[J]. Can J Kidney Health Dis, 2021, 8:20543581211067069.
[11]
《老年患者低钠血症的诊治中国专家建议》写作组.老年患者低钠血症的诊治中国专家建议[J].中华老年医学杂志201635(8):795-804.
[12]
梁思宇,陈适,潘慧,等.COVID-19与低钠血症[J].基础医学与临床202141(12):1843-1847.
[13]
张宇,李新,杨丽敏,等.9870例老年住院患者血钠和血钾水平及其紊乱危险因素分析[J].中华老年医学杂志201635(6):572-576.
[14]
Almarashda AMJ, Rabbani SA, Kurian MT, et al. Clinical characteristics, risk factors for severity and pharmacotherapy in hospitalized covid-19 patients in the United Arab Emirates[J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(9):2439.
[15]
De Carvalho H, Letellier T, Karakachoff M, et al. Hyponatremia is associated with poor outcome in COVID-19[J]. J Nephrol, 2021, 34(4):991-998.
[16]
Gheorghe G, Ilie M, Bungau S, et al. Is there a relationship between COVID-19 and hyponatremia[J]? Medicina (Kaunas), 2021, 57(1):55.
[17]
曹志龙,韩旭,张素燕,等.NLR、D-二聚体、CRP、PCT对新型冠状病毒肺炎病情进展的预测价值[J].交通医学202034(5):463-466.
[18]
潘云虎,陈光,黄奕江,等.新冠肺炎患者凝血状况及对预后的影响研究[J].人民军医202164(11):1086-1088.
[19]
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China[J]. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223):497-506.
[20]
Katsoularis I, Fonseca-Rodríguez O, Farrington P, et al. Risks of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding after covid-19: Nationwide self-controlled cases series and matched cohort study[J/OL]. BMJ, 2022, 377:e069590.
[21]
孙妙巧,徐沐兰,吴相波,等.脊髓损伤患者并发下肢深静脉血栓危险因素的回顾性研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志202345(4):302-306.
[22]
Ayus JC, Negri AL, Moritz ML, et al. Hyponatremia, inflammation at admission, and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2021, 8:748364.
[1] 杜雪清, 冯周莲, 钟佩珍, 潘杏玲. 老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者应用护士主导的共管模式[J]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 421-426.
[2] 冯梦晓, 陆远强. 来华留学生急诊医学教学现状分析与思考——以浙江大学为例[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(03): 177-179.
[3] 黄洁, 赵丹, 韩冰, 刘波. 腰椎退行性疾病患者术后早期下地时机及效果的研究进展[J]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2024, 19(02): 168-171.
[4] 刘哲魁, 马文星, 聂灵芝, 吴云桦, 单良, 王泽正. HALP评分联合术前检查预测老年胃癌淋巴结转移的价值[J]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 209-215.
[5] 陈静, 王晓玲, 安康. 老年进展期胃癌术后腹膜转移的相关因素及治疗进展[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 225-228.
[6] 杨晓宇, 王佳, 张维峰, 陈雨辰. 两种腹横肌平面阻滞方法在老年择期腹股沟疝修补术中的应用比较[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 320-325.
[7] 周文欢, 杨黎. AECOPD低钠血症发生风险及预测因素分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(02): 313-315.
[8] 李娜, 李永犇, 张青. 老年四肢骨折患者2年内再骨折的预测模型构建及验证[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 171-177.
[9] 郑益钒, 曾令祺, 高志鹏, 吴忻, 吴靖, 陈俊泽. 骨质疏松性骶髂关节复合体损伤诊疗的研究进展[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 184-188.
[10] 田学, 谢晖, 王瑞兰. 急性呼吸窘迫综合征相关肺纤维化的研究进展[J]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 258-264.
[11] 赵倩, 刘文超, 李玺琳, 章邱东. 老年急性脑梗死诱发胃肠损伤的风险因素分析及模型构建[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(03): 213-217.
[12] 汤峥丽, 王芳, 王唯坚. 中老年人群幽门螺杆菌感染对非酒精性脂肪肝及冠状动脉粥样硬化影响的关联性分析[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(02): 137-140.
[13] 林永俭, 谢雪花, 郝莉茹, 刘丽, 马英东. 优化急诊绿色通道对急性心肌梗死介入治疗患者救治时间的影响[J]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2024, 12(02): 185-189.
[14] 何妍, 檀丽冰, 周雯, 魏敏, 连军松. 老年男性人群幽门螺杆菌感染与血脂谱的关联研究[J]. 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志, 2024, 11(03): 171-175.
[15] 董坤, 陈海恋, 王景. 血清CircRNA_0003694与老年急性缺血性卒中患者卒中后认知损害的关系[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 230-235.
阅读次数
全文


摘要