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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (04) : 12 -15. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2022.04.003

临床研究

老年患者结直肠息肉临床、内镜及病理特征分析
张学云1, 季大年2, 项平2, 郑松柏1,()   
  1. 1. 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华东医院消化内科
    2. 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华东医院内镜中心
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-02 出版日期:2022-11-28
  • 通信作者: 郑松柏
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2009000、2020YFC2009001)

Clinical, endoscopic and pathological features of colorectal polyps in elderly patients

Xueyun Zhang1, Danian Ji2, Ping Xiang2, Songbai Zheng1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
    2. Endoscopy Center, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2022-05-02 Published:2022-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Songbai Zheng
引用本文:

张学云, 季大年, 项平, 郑松柏. 老年患者结直肠息肉临床、内镜及病理特征分析[J]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2022, 09(04): 12-15.

Xueyun Zhang, Danian Ji, Ping Xiang, Songbai Zheng. Clinical, endoscopic and pathological features of colorectal polyps in elderly patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 09(04): 12-15.

目的

探讨老年结直肠息肉患者的临床、内镜及病理特征。

方法

选取2015年1月至2021年6月在复旦大学附属华东医院行内镜下结直肠息肉手术的2 365例住院患者,根据年龄分为老年组(≥60岁,1 391例)及中青年组(<60岁,974例)。采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法比较两组患者的临床、内镜及病理特点。

结果

2 365例患者中无症状及粪隐血阴性者1 517例(64.1%),有腹痛、腹泻、便秘、排便习惯改变、便血及粪隐血阳性等临床症状表现者848例(35.9%),其中老年患者仅便秘发生比例较中青年组高(3.3%、1.2%,χ2=10.310,P<0.01)。另外,老年组多发性息肉占比、息肉分布于升结肠占比、腺瘤性息肉占比均较中青年组高(老年组:54.6%、18.4%、72.1%,中青年组:48.7%、13.9%、69.2%;χ2=8.187、18.835、6.477,P<0.05或0.01)。

结论

老年结直肠息肉患者一般无明显症状,但便秘较中青年更为常见。相较于中青年患者,老年患者结直肠息肉具有多发特点,升结肠息肉较多,且腺瘤性息肉占比更高。

Objective

To explore the clinical, endoscopic and pathological features of elderly patients with colorectal polyps.

Methods

The medical records of 2 365 inpatients who underwent endoscopic surgery for colorectal polyps in Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from January 2015 to June 2021 were selected. The included patients were divided into elderly group (≥ 60 years old, n=1 391) and young and middle-aged group (< 60 years old, n=974). χ2 test and Fisher's precision probability test were used to compare the clinical, endoscopic and pathological features of elderly patients with young and middle-aged patients.

Results

Among the included 2 365 patients, 1 517 (64.1%) were asymptomatic and fecal occult blood negative, 848(35.9%) had clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, change of defecation habits, hematochezia and positive fecal occult blood test. Elderly patients had a higher incidence of constipation than the young and middle-aged patients (3.3% vs. 1.2%, χ2=10.310, P < 0.01). Elderly patients had a higher proportion of multiple polyps than the young and middle-aged patients (54.6% vs. 48.7%, χ2=8.187, P < 0.01), the colorectal polyps were mainly distributed in ascending colon (18.4% vs. 13.9%, χ2=18.835, P < 0.01), and the proportion of adenomatous polyps was higher too (72.1% vs. 69.2%, χ2=6.477, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Elderly patients with colorectal polyps usually have no obvious symptoms, but constipation is more common. Compared with young and middle-aged patients, elderly patients have multiple colorectal polyps, more ascending colon polyps, and higher risk of adenomatous polyps.

表1 两组患者结直肠息肉临床表现的比较[例(%)]
表2 两组患者结直肠息肉位置分布的比较[枚(%)]
表3 两组患者结直肠息肉最大直径的比较[枚(%)]
表4 两组患者直肠息肉形态的比较[枚(%)]
表5 两组患者直肠息肉病理类型的比较[枚(%)]
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