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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (03) : 31 -37. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2026.03.004

临床研究

社区老年人内在能力与新型冠状病毒感染及免疫衰老的相关性
叶子青, 郑瑶†()   
  1. 310013 杭州,浙江医院保健医疗中心
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-11 出版日期:2026-08-28
  • 通信作者: 郑瑶
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2024KY620)

Association of intrinsic capacity with COVID19 infection and immunosenescence in community-dwelling older adults

Ziqing Ye, Yao Zheng†()   

  1. Health Care Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
  • Received:2026-05-11 Published:2026-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Yao Zheng
引用本文:

叶子青, 郑瑶. 社区老年人内在能力与新型冠状病毒感染及免疫衰老的相关性[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2026, 13(03): 31-37.

Ziqing Ye, Yao Zheng. Association of intrinsic capacity with COVID19 infection and immunosenescence in community-dwelling older adults[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2026, 13(03): 31-37.

目的

探讨社区老年人内在能力与新型冠状病毒感染及免疫衰老的相关性,为社区老年人的精准化健康管理提供参考。

方法

选取2023年1月至2024年12月在浙江医院建档的190名社区老年人作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、老年人内在能力评估量表收集数据,并检测外周血淋巴细胞亚群等免疫功能指标。通过潜在剖面模型探究老年人内在能力的潜在剖面,采用单因素分析比较不同类别老年人的临床及免疫特征,运用多因素Logistic回归模型分析内在能力异质性的影响因素。

结果

社区老年人内在能力分为感觉-认知失调组(28例)、运动-认知衰退组(36例)、运动-心理良好组(126例)3个潜在剖面。3组老年人性别、新型冠状病毒感染史、年龄、体质量指数及淋巴细胞计数的差异均有统计学意义(χ2=15.172、11.247,H=73.046、10.695、13.750;P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄增长(OR=1.115,95%CI:1.059~1.173,P<0.01)、淋巴细胞计数异常(OR=3.537,95%CI:1.325~9.442,P<0.01)是老年人感觉-认知失调的独立危险因素;年龄增长(OR=1.265,95%CI:1.169~1.369,P<0.01)、新型冠状病毒感染史(OR=8.115,95%CI:1.945~33.854,P<0.01)是老年人运动-认知衰退的独立危险因素。

结论

社区老年人内在能力存在明显的异质性,年龄增长、新型冠状病毒感染和淋巴细胞计数异常可能是识别不同内在能力衰退轨迹的潜在筛查指标。社区卫生医务人员应重视对高危老年人免疫功能指标的筛查,早期识别内在能力快速衰退人群并实施精准化综合干预。

Objective

To investigate the association between intrinsic capacity and COVID-19 infection as well as immunosenescence in community-dwelling older adults, and to provide evidence for precision health management in this population.

Methods

A total of 190 community-dwelling older adults who established health records at Zhejiang Hospital between January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled as subjects. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and the intrinsic capacity assessment scale for older adults. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and other immune function parameters were measured. Latent profile model was employed to identify latent profiles of intrinsic capacity. Univariate analysis was performed to compare clinical and immunological characteristics across different profiles, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with heterogeneity in intrinsic capacity.

Results

Three latent profiles of intrinsic capacity were identified: the sensory-cognitive impairment group (n=28), the mobility-cognitive decline group (n=36), and the mobility-psychologically well group (n=126). Significant differences were observed among the three groups in sex, history of COVID-19 infection, age, body mass index, and lymphocyte count (χ2=15.172, 11.247; H=73.046, 10.695, 13.750; P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased age (OR=1.115, 95%CI:1.059-1.173, P < 0.01) and abnormal lymphocyte count (OR=3.537, 95%CI: 1.325-9.442, P < 0.01) were independent risk factors for the sensory-cognitive impairment; increased age (OR=1.265, 95%CI:1.169-1.369, P < 0.01) and history of COVID-19 infection (OR=8.115, 95%CI: 1.945-33.854, P < 0.01) were independent risk factors for the mobility-cognitive decline.

Conclusion

Intrinsic capacity in community-dwelling older adults demonstrates considerable heterogeneity. Increased age, COVID-19 infection, and abnormal lymphocyte count may serve as potential screening indicators for differentiating distinct decline trajectories of intrinsic capacity. Community health practitioners should prioritize immunosenescence screening in high-risk older adults to enable early identification of populations with rapid intrinsic capacity decline and to implement targeted comprehensive interventions.

图1 社区老年人内在能力得分潜在剖面分析的特征分布
表1 社区老年人内在能力得分潜在剖面模型的拟合结果
表2 社区老年人内在能力潜在剖面单因素分析结果[M(P25,P75)或±s或例(%)]
表3 自变量赋值方式
表4 社区老年人内在能力潜在剖面影响因素的Logistic回归分析
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