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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 38 -43. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2026.02.006

护理园地

新型踝泵运动监测器对老年髋部骨折术后深静脉血栓形成的预防作用
黄小琴1, 姬春晖1, 施佳萍1, 金红燕1, 傅欢香1, 刘彩霞2,()   
  1. 1310030 杭州,浙江医院骨一科
    2310030 杭州,浙江医院护理部
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-14 出版日期:2026-05-28
  • 通信作者: 刘彩霞
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省卫生健康科技计划项目(2022PY033)

Preventive effect of a novel ankle pump exercise monitor on deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery

Xiaoqin Huang1, Chunhui Ji1, Jiaping Shi1, Hongyan Jin1, Huanxiang Fu1, Caixia Liu2,()   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics (Ward 1), Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310030, China
    2Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310030, China
  • Received:2026-01-14 Published:2026-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Caixia Liu
引用本文:

黄小琴, 姬春晖, 施佳萍, 金红燕, 傅欢香, 刘彩霞. 新型踝泵运动监测器对老年髋部骨折术后深静脉血栓形成的预防作用[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2026, 13(02): 38-43.

Xiaoqin Huang, Chunhui Ji, Jiaping Shi, Hongyan Jin, Huanxiang Fu, Caixia Liu. Preventive effect of a novel ankle pump exercise monitor on deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2026, 13(02): 38-43.

目的

探讨新型踝泵运动监测器对老年髋部骨折术后深静脉血栓形成的预防作用。

方法

采用便利抽样法选取2022年1—12月在浙江医院骨科治疗的60岁及以上老年髋部骨折患者120例,采用随机数字表将入组患者分为对照组和干预组。所有患者术后均接受常规护理,隔日进行踝泵运动干预:对照组在护士监督下完成踝泵运动训练,干预组运用新型踝泵运动监测器进行踝泵运动训练,干预时间为7 d。比较两组患者干预过程中的运动训练达标率,干预前和干预后第7天的D-二聚体水平、股静脉直径、股静脉流速、腘静脉直径、腘静脉流速,以及干预前后患肢大腿周径增加值。计数资料的比较采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法,非正态分布计量资料的比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。

结果

干预第1天两组踝泵运动达标率的差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.323,P>0.05),干预后第3、7天干预组踝泵运动达标率均显著高于对照组(χ2=22.500、30.531,P<0.01)。干预前,两组患者各项观察指标的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组患者D-二聚体水平、股静脉流速、腘静脉流速及腘静脉直径均优于对照组(Z=2.129、2.141、4.627、2.655,P<0.05或0.01)。无论是髋关节置换术患者还是髓内钉内固定术患者,干预后干预组D-二聚体水平、股静脉流速、腘静脉流速、腘静脉直径均优于对照组(Z=2.031、2.114、3.987、2.521,2.118、2.087、3.654、2.612;P<0.05或0.01)。

结论

新型踝泵运动监测器可显著提高老年髋部骨折患者术后踝泵运动达标率,加快下肢静脉血流速度,降低D-二聚体水平,减轻患肢水肿,对预防深静脉血栓形成具有较好的效果。

Objective

To investigate the effects of a novel ankle pump exercise monitor with realtime monitoring and feedback functions on the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery.

Methods

A total of 120 elderly patients aged ≥60 years with hip fractures who were treated in the orthopedic department of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province from January to December 2022 were enrolled using convenience sampling. The patients were divided into two groups by a random number table and were further divided into two subgroups according to surgical procedure (hip replacement versus intramedullary nailing). Both groups received routine postoperative care. The control group performed ankle pump exercises under the supervision of nurses, while the intervention group used the novel ankle pump exercise monitor with realtime monitoring and feedback functions to guide their training. The exercise training compliance rates were compared between the two groups during the intervention. D-dimer levels, and femoral and popliteal vein diameters and flow velocities were compared between the two groups at baseline and on day 7 after intervention. In addition, the increase in thigh circumference of the affected limb from baseline to day 7 was also compared between the two groups. Chisquare test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare the categorical data, and MannWhitney U test was used to compare the continuous data.

Results

No statistically significant difference in the ankle pump exercise achievement rate was observed between the two groups on day 1 of intervention (χ2=0.323, P > 0.05). In contrast, the intervention group showed significantly higher ankle pump exercise achievement rates than the control group at day 3 and 7 postintervention (χ2=22.500, 30.531; P < 0.01). At baseline, no statistically significant differences were observed in any of the measured parameters between the two groups (P > 0.05). After intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly improved D-dimer levels, femoral and popliteal vein blood flow velocities, and popliteal vein diameter compared with the control group (Z=2.129, 2.141, 4.627, 2.655; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Regardless of whether patients underwent hip arthroplasty or intramedullary nailing, the intervention group demonstrated significantly improved D-dimer levels, femoral and popliteal vein blood flow velocities, and popliteal vein diameter compared with the control group after intervention (Z=2.031, 2.114, 3.987, 2.521; 2.118, 2.087, 3.654, 2.612; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

Conclusion

The novel ankle pump exercise monitor significantly enhances postoperative ankle pump exercise adherence, accelerates lower limb venous blood flow, reduces D-dimer levels, and decreases limb edema, showing good efficacy in preventing deep vein thrombosis in elderly hip fracture patients.

表1 两组老年髋关节骨折术后患者一般情况比较
表2 踝泵运动干预前两组老年髋关节骨折术后患者血流动力学指标的比较[MP25P75)]
表3 踝泵运动干预后两组老年髋关节骨折术后患者血流动力学指标的比较[MP25P75)]
表4 踝泵运动干预后两组老年髋关节置换术患者血流动力学指标比较
表5 踝泵运动干预后两组老年髓内钉内固定术患者血流动力学指标比较
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