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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 24 -28. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2025.02.005

临床研究

老年人外周动脉超声检查指标对外周动脉疾病的诊断价值
张芙荣1, 尚晓娜2,()   
  1. 1710002 陕西省西安市第一医院超声科
    2710005 西安,陕西省第二人民医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 出版日期:2025-05-28
  • 通信作者: 尚晓娜

Diagnostic value of peripheral artery ultrasound indicators in elderly patients for peripheral arterial disease

Furong Zhang1, Xiaona Shang2,()   

  1. 1Department of Ultrasound, Xi'an First Hospital, Xi'an 710002, China
    2Department of Ultrasound, the Second People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Xi'an 710005, China
  • Received:2024-12-09 Published:2025-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Xiaona Shang
引用本文:

张芙荣, 尚晓娜. 老年人外周动脉超声检查指标对外周动脉疾病的诊断价值[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2025, 12(02): 24-28.

Furong Zhang, Xiaona Shang. Diagnostic value of peripheral artery ultrasound indicators in elderly patients for peripheral arterial disease[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2025, 12(02): 24-28.

目的

探讨老年患者外周动脉超声检查指标对外周动脉疾病(PAD)的诊断价值。

方法

选取2020年12月至2023年12月在陕西省第二人民医院确诊为PDA的60例老年患者(PAD组),以及同期体检健康的60例老年人(健康对照组)。收集两组基线资料,通过高分辨率超声检测患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIT)、桡动脉内膜中层厚度(RIT)、股动脉内膜中层厚度(PIT)、斑块特征、血流动力学参数及血管壁弹性,并分析其与PAD的相关性。通过ROC曲线评估超声检查指标对PAD的诊断效能。计量资料的比较采用t检验,计数资料的比较采用χ2检验。

结果

单因素分析显示,PAD组CIT(0.80±0.12、0.65±0.11 mm,t=6.522,P<0.05)、RIT(0.70±0.11、0.55±0.07 mm,t=7.525,P<0.05)及PIT(0.69±0.09、0.51±0.06 mm,t=8.673,P<0.001)均高于健康对照组。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,CIT、RIT、PIT均为老年人PAD发生的危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.682(1.351-2.103)、1.613(1.292-2.013)、1.512(1.231-1.852),P<0.001]。ROC曲线分析表明,CIT、RIT和PIT对PAD的诊断具有较高的AUC值,且三者联合应用时AUC达到最高(0.898),灵敏度为87.53%,特异度为81.64%。

结论

CIT、RIT和PIT增加与老年人PAD的发生显著相关,多指标联合应用可有效提升PAD的诊断效能。

Objective

To explore the diagnostic value of peripheral artery ultrasound indicators in elderly patients for peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Methods

A total of 60 elderly patients diagnosed with PAD in Shaanxi Provincial Second People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2023 (PAD group) and 60 healthy elderly individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period (healthy control group) were selected. Baseline data of both groups were collected. High-resolution ultrasound was used to detect carotid intima-media thickness (CIT), radial artery intima-media thickness (RIT), femoral artery intima-media thickness (PIT), plaque characteristics, hemodynamic parameters, and vascular wall elasticity, and their correlations with PAD were analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound indicators for PAD was evaluated using ROC curves. T test was used for the comparison between measurement data, and chi-square test was used for the comparison between counting data.

Results

Univariate analysis showed that CIT [(0.80±0.12) mm vs (0.65±0.11) mm, t=6.522, P < 0.05]、RIT[(0.70±0.11) mm vs (0.55±0.07) mm, t=7.525, P < 0.05]及PIT[(0.69±0.09) mm vs (0.51±0.06) mm, t=8.673, P < 0.001] in the PAD group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CIT, RIT, and PIT were all risk factors for PAD in the elderly [OR(95%CI)=1.682(1.351-2.103), 1.613(1.292-2.013), 1.512(1.231-1.852); P < 0.001]. ROC curve analysis indicated that CIT, RIT, and PIT had high AUC values for PAD diagnosis, and the combined application of the three indicators yielded the highest AUC (0.898), with a sensitivity of 87.53% and a specificity of 81.64%.

Conclusion

Increased thickness of CIT, RIT, and PIT is significantly associated with the occurrence of PAD in the elderly. The combined application of multiple indicators can effectively improve the diagnostic efficacy of PAD.

表1 老年PDA患者与健康对照者基线资料的比较[±s或例(%)]
表2 老年PDA患者与健康对照者外周动脉超声检查指标的比较(±s
表3 影响老年人PAD发生的多因素Logistic回归分析
图1 外周动脉超声指标对老年人外周动脉疾病发生风险诊断效能的ROC曲线注:PIT指股动脉内膜中层厚度;RIT指桡动脉内膜中层厚度;CIT指颈动脉内膜中层厚度
表4 外周动脉超声指标对老年人PAD发生风险的评估效能
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