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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 06 ›› Issue (04) : 8 -12. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2019.04.002

所属专题: 文献

论著

百岁人群健康状况及相关影响因素分析
姚尧1, 刘克洋2, 张豪3, 朱乔4, 宁超学4, 吕发勤5, 赵亚力6,()   
  1. 1. 100871 北京大学国家发展研究院健康老龄与发展研究中心;27705 美国杜克大学医学院衰老与人类发展研究中心
    2. 565-0871 日本大阪大学公共卫生学院
    3. 10065 美国康奈尔医学院卫生政策研究所
    4. 572000 三亚,中国人民解放军总医院海南医院中心实验室
    5. 572000 三亚,中国人民解放军总医院海南医院超声科
    6. 572000 三亚,中国人民解放军总医院海南医院中心实验室;100853 北京,中国人民解放军总医院 国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-23 出版日期:2019-11-28
  • 通信作者: 赵亚力
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC2000400); 国家自然科学基金项目(81903392,81941021); 国家科技资源共享服务平台计划项目(YCZYPT[2018]07); 解放军总医院医疗大数据研发项目(MBD2018030); 中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M650359)

Study on health status and related influencing factors in centenarians

Yao Yao1, Keyang Liu2, Hao Zhang3, Qiao Zhu4, Chaoxue Ning4, Faqin Lv5, Yali Zhao6,()   

  1. 1. Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham 27705, USA
    2. School of Public Health, Osaka University, Suita City, Japan
    3. Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City 10065, USA
    4. Central Laboratory, Hainan Branch of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 572000 Sanya, China
    5. Department of Ultrasonography, Hainan Branch of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 572000 Sanya, China
    6. Central Laboratory, Hainan Branch of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 572000 Sanya, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases&Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:2019-04-23 Published:2019-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Yali Zhao
  • About author:
    Corresponding authors: Zhao Yali, Email:
引用本文:

姚尧, 刘克洋, 张豪, 朱乔, 宁超学, 吕发勤, 赵亚力. 百岁人群健康状况及相关影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2019, 06(04): 8-12.

Yao Yao, Keyang Liu, Hao Zhang, Qiao Zhu, Chaoxue Ning, Faqin Lv, Yali Zhao. Study on health status and related influencing factors in centenarians[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2019, 06(04): 8-12.

目的

探讨影响百岁人群健康的主要关联因素,为该人群的健康促进与管理提供干预目标和方向。

方法

2014年6月至2016年间12月,采用横断面调查方式,组建多学科团队对海南省全样本百岁老年人进行入户上门调查研究。研究采集百岁人群一般人口学资料和健康相关资料,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析该人群的健康相关影响因素。

结果

共计943例百岁老年人纳入研究,男175例,女768例,平均年龄(102.8±2.8)岁。其中女性居多(占81.4%),87.9%为文盲,大多数(76.6%)居住在农村;抑郁患病率约32.3%,失能老年人占27.6%,自评健康为差者约22.7%;高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、贫血的患病率分别为66.3%、9.8%、21.2%和67.4%;8.9%有骨折既往史;39.9%存在维生素D缺乏;视力和听力重度障碍患病率分别为28.0%、31.2%;肾功能下降和营养不良者分别为36.8%和52.6%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,骨折、视力障碍和听力障碍与百岁老年人失能及健康自评差均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而且骨折与抑郁患病率也显著相关(P<0.05),但未发现高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常与自评健康、日常活动能力和抑郁的相关性(均P>0.05)。

结论

骨折、视觉障碍和听力障碍是影响百岁老年人健康状况的重要关联因素,有可能作为高龄及长寿人群健康管理和促进的干预指标。

Objective

To investigate the major connected factors in centenarians and to provide the potential directions on health promotion and management.

Methods

From June 2014 to December 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 100 and over in Hainan province through door-to-door research by multidisciplinary team. Demographics and health information were collected, multivariate logistic regressions were implemented to analyze the related influencing factors among this population.

Results

A total of 943 centenarians (175 men and 768 women) were included in this study, the mean age was (102.8±2.8) years. Majority of them were being female (81.4%), illiterate (87.9%), and resident in rural place (76.6%). The prevalence of the disability and depression were 27.6% and 32.3% respectively, and approximately 22.7% of the centenarians reported their health status as poor. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and anemia were 66.3%, 9.8%, 21.2%, and 67.4%. 8.9% of them had fracture history, 39.9% of them were deficient in vitamin D, 28.0% of them suffered from severe visual impairment and the number is 31.2% for severe auditory impairment; the prevalence of renal function decline and malnutrition were 36.8% and 52.6%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that fracture, visual and hearing impairments were significantly and positively correlated with disability as well as poor self-rated health (P < 0.05). In addition, fractures were also significantly associated with depression (P < 0.05). However, there's no correlations found between hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and self-rated health, ability of daily activities, depression (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Fracture, visual and auditory impairment are the major connected factors on health status in centenarians, and may work as intervention indicators for health promotion and management in the advanced ages.

表1 943例百岁老年人的基本情况
表2 海南百岁老年人健康影响因素关联分析[OR(95%CI)]
项目 模型 高血压 糖尿病 血脂异常 贫血 骨折
抑郁 模型1 1.07(0.78-1.46) 1.02(0.64-1.61) 0.98(0.74-1.29) 1.19(0.89-1.61) 2.05(1.30-3.22)
模型2 1.07(0.77-1.48) 1.04(0.64-1.62) 0.97(0.73-1.29) 1.27(0.94-1.72) 1.98(1.25-3.15)
模型3 1.11(0.80-1.55) 1.05(0.65-1.69) 1.06(0.79-1.42) 1.25(0.91-1.71) 1.92(1.20-3.07)
失能 模型1 0.93(0.67-1.29) 0.92(0.56-1.50) 1.26(0.43-1.68) 1.37(1.00-1.87) 3.10(1.97-4.89)
模型2 0.94(0.67-1.31) 0.93(0.57-1.52) 1.26(0.94-1.68) 1.39(1.01-1.91) 3.13(1.97-4.98)
模型3 1.07(0.75-1.52) 0.87(0.51-1.48) 1.40(1.02-1.93) 1.62(1.14-2.30) 3.16(1.95-5.12)
自评健康差 模型1 1.31(0.91-1.90) 1.08(0.65-1.79) 1.05(0.77-1.43) 1.05(0.75-1.45) 1.92(1.19-3.10)
模型2 1.33(0.91-1.93) 1.08(0.65-1.80) 1.05(0.76-1.43) 1.07(0.77-1.49) 1.94(1.19-3.15)
模型3 1.45(0.98-2.15) 1.07(0.63-1.82) 1.10(0.79-1.54) 1.11(0.78-1.58) 1.90(1.14-3.14)
项目 模型 肾功能下降 营养不良 维生素D缺乏 视力障碍 听力障碍
抑郁 模型1 0.98(0.74-1.30) 1.37(1.04-1.81) 1.57(1.19-2.07) 1.05(0.77-1.42) 0.94(0.67-1.26)
模型2 0.93(0.70-1.24) 1.27(0.96-1.69) 1.47(1.10-1.96) 0.98(0.72-1.34) 0.94(0.70-1.28)
模型3 0.97(0.71-1.29) 1.24(0.93-1.66) 1.42(1.06-1.91) 0.98(0.69-1.41) 0.94(0.66-1.33)
失能 模型1 1.38(1.02-1.86) 1.12(0.84-1.49) 2.29(1.72-3.07) 2.13(1.57-2.89) 1.81(1.34-2.44)
模型2 1.35(0.99-1.84) 1.07(0.80-1.43) 2.39(1.77-3.23) 2.11(1.54-2.87) 1.77(1.33-2.43)
模型3 1.65(1.18-2.30) 0.97(0.71-1.32) 2.43(1.77-3.33) 1.85(1.28-2.66) 1.46(1.02-2.10)
自评健康差 模型1 1.16(0.85-1.60) 1.57(1.15-2.15) 1.15(0.84-1.56) 2.58(1.87-3.55) 2.24(1.63-3.07)
模型2 1.11(0.80-1.54) 1.11(0.80-1.54) 1.15(0.84-1.59) 2.48(1.79-3.43) 2.19(1.59-3.01)
模型3 1.23(0.87-1.74) 1.51(1.08-2.09) 1.10(0.79-1.53) 2.04(1.40-2.96) 1.63(1.12-2.37)
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