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中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (04) : 14 -20. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2025.04.003

临床研究

脑小血管病总负荷和甘油三酯葡萄糖体质量指数对老年脑梗死患者溶栓后早期神经功能恶化的预测价值
黄虎, 宋春杰, 韩远远()   
  1. 223800 江苏省宿迁市第一人民医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 韩远远

Total burden of cerebral small vascular disease and triglyceride glucose body mass index predict early neurological

Hu Huang, Chunjie Song, Yuanyan Han()   

  1. Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Suqian, Suqian 223800, China
  • Received:2025-04-10 Published:2025-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Yuanyan Han
引用本文:

黄虎, 宋春杰, 韩远远. 脑小血管病总负荷和甘油三酯葡萄糖体质量指数对老年脑梗死患者溶栓后早期神经功能恶化的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2025, 12(04): 14-20.

Hu Huang, Chunjie Song, Yuanyan Han. Total burden of cerebral small vascular disease and triglyceride glucose body mass index predict early neurological[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2025, 12(04): 14-20.

目的

探讨脑小血管病(CSVD)总负荷和甘油三酯葡萄糖体质量指数(TyG-BMI)对60岁以上老年急性前循环脑梗死(AACI)患者重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓后早期神经功能恶化(END)的预测价值。

方法

选取2021年7月至2024年7月在宿迁市第一人民医院经rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的老年AACI患者,根据溶栓24 h内美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分是否增加≥4分将患者分为END组和无END组,收集两组患者治疗前后的临床资料和血液学指标,计算TyG-BMI,并采用t检验或χ2检验进行组间比较。依据头颅MR影像获得CSVD总负荷评分。采用多因素Logistic回归分析确定此类人群发生END的危险因素。应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价CSVD总负荷和TyG-BMI对END的预测价值。

结果

共纳入242例老年AACI患者,其中END组67例,无END组175例。单因素分析显示,两组患者年龄、BMI、基线NIHSS评分、房颤发生率、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、TyG-BMI和CSVD总负荷的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、基线NIHSS评分、房颤、CSVD总负荷和TyG-BMI是老年AACI患者静脉溶栓后END的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CSVD总负荷和TyG-BMI预测老年急性前循环rt-PA静脉溶栓后END的曲线下面积分别为0.763(95%CI:0.702-0.854,P<0.001)和0.755(95%CI:0.698-0.835,P<0.01),最佳截断值分别为2.5分和218.74;两者联合预测END的曲线下面积为0.812(95%CI:0.745-0.886,P<0.01)。

结论

CSVD总负荷和TyG-BMI对老年急性前循环脑梗死患者rt-PA静脉溶栓后END的发生具有一定的预测价值,两者联合预测价值更高。

Objective

To investigate the predictive value of total load of cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD) and triacyl-glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) in early neurologic deterioration (END) of rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis in elderly patients with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction over 60 years old.

Methods

Elderly patients aged over 60 years old with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction who were hospitalized in the First People's Hospital of Suqian from July 2021 to July 2024 after rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis were retrospectively included. According to whether the NIHSS score has increased by≥4 points within 24 hours of intravenous thrombolysis, the patients were divided into END group and non END group. Clinical data and hematological indicators were collected. TyG-BMI was calculated. T test or Chi-square test was used to compared between the two groups. Total burden of CSVD was obtained based on MR Images. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of END. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors to END.

Results

A total of 242 old patients with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction were included, including 67 patients in the END group and 175 patients in the non-END group. The results of the univariate analysis indicated that there were statistically significant differences in age, BMI, baseline NIHSS score, atrial fibrillation (AF), FPG, TG, LDL-C, TyG-BMI and total burden of CSVD in the END group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Age, baseline NIHSS score, AF, total burden of CSVD and TyG-BMI were risk factors for END (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for predicting END using total burden of CSVD and TyG-BMI were 0.763 (95%CI: 0.702-0.854, P < 0.01) and 0.755 (95%CI: 0.698-0.835, P < 0.01). The optimal cut-off values were 2.5 points and 218.74, respectively.

Conclusion

Both the total load of CSVD and the TyG-BMI have certain predictive value for END in elderly patients over 60 years old with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction after rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis, and their combination offers higher predictive value.

表1 不同脑小血管病总负荷评分老年前循环脑梗死患者临床基线资料的比较
项目 0分(n=36) 1分(n=65) 2分(n=79) 3分(n=53) 4分(n=9) 检验值 P
年龄(岁,±s 64.94±4.23 65.27±4.71 68.76±7.24 69.92±9.58 72.83±10.11 F=21.426 0.006
男性[例(%)] 15(41.67) 39(60.00) 51 (64.56) 35(66.04) 5(55.56) χ2=6.599 0.159
高血压病[例(%)] 21(58.33) 38(58.46) 59 (74.68) 42(79.25) 8(88.89) χ2=10.810 0.029
糖尿病[例(%)] 6(16.67) 16(24.61) 31(39.24) 25(47.17) 4(44.44) χ2=12.892 0.012
冠心病[例(%)] 8(22.22) 14 (21.54) 18(22.78) 18(33.96) 3(33.33) χ2=3.350 0.501
房颤[例(%)] 1(2.78) 5(7.69) 8(10.13) 8(15.09) 3(33.33) χ2=9.148 0.058
吸烟[例(%)] 9(25.00) 22(33.85) 25(31.65) 24 (45.28) 5(55.56) χ2=6.135 0.189
BMI(kg/m2±s 24.47±2.38 25.57±2.89 26.79±3.54 27.66±4.38 26.93±3.95 F=10.738 0.064
sICH[例(%)] 0 2(3.08) 4(5.06) 6(11.32) 2(22.22) χ2=10.602 0.031
基线NIHSS评分[分,MQ1,Q3)] 5(4,7) 5(4,7) 6(4,9) 7(5,9.5) 7(5,10) Z=24.656 <0.001
血液指标(±s              
FPG(mmol/L) 6.73±0.47 6.64±0.93 7.15±0.87 6.82±1.04 7.22±1.09 F=0.284 0.538
HbA1c(%) 6.40±0.87 6.43±1.01 6.65±1.02 6.81±0.94 6.94±1.52 F=18.654 0.037
TC(mmol/L) 4.54±1.79 4.62±1.23 4.74±1.46 4.81±1.21 4.82±0.98 F=0.364 0.518
TG(mmol/L) 1.27±0.54 1.39±0.68 1.26±0.62 1.25±0.44 1.34±0.55 F=0.264 0.813
HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.18±0.24 1.21±0.19 1.20±0.21 1.17±0.23 1.19±0.15 F=0.1542 0.853
LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.67±0.82 2.82±0.88 2.99±0.93 2.89±1.04 2.79±1.21 F=0.693 0.521
TyG-BMI[MQ1,Q3)] 189.54(169.47,211.53) 191.33(172.52,213.66) 217.37(186.49,230.54) 226.82(198.37,239.61) 229.17(204.26,248.47) Z=27.875 <0.001
表2 老年前循环脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后早期神经功能恶化的单因素分析
表3 老年前循环脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后早期神经功能恶化的多因素Logistic回归分析
图1 CSVD总负荷和TyG-BMI预测老年前循环脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后END的ROC曲线 注:CSVD为脑小血管病;TyG-BMI为甘油三酯葡萄糖体质量指数;END为早期神经功能恶化;ROC为受试者工作特征
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