切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华老年病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (01) : 11 -17. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8757.2024.01.003

衰弱综合征

老年住院患者衰弱风险预测模型研究进展
解艳红1, 陈凌燕1,(), 邵晓露1, 沈珊珊1, 李方舟1, 蓝肖燕1   
  1. 1. 310013 杭州,浙江医院老年病科
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-22 出版日期:2024-02-28
  • 通信作者: 陈凌燕
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生一般研究计划基金项目(2023KY005、2022ZH002)

Research progress on frailty risk prediction models for elderly inpatients

Yanhong Xie1, Lingyan Chen1,(), Xiaolu Shao1, Shanshan Shen1, Fangzhou Li1, Xiaoyan Lan1   

  1. 1. Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
  • Received:2023-09-22 Published:2024-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Lingyan Chen
引用本文:

解艳红, 陈凌燕, 邵晓露, 沈珊珊, 李方舟, 蓝肖燕. 老年住院患者衰弱风险预测模型研究进展[J]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2024, 11(01): 11-17.

Yanhong Xie, Lingyan Chen, Xiaolu Shao, Shanshan Shen, Fangzhou Li, Xiaoyan Lan. Research progress on frailty risk prediction models for elderly inpatients[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics Research(Electronic Edition), 2024, 11(01): 11-17.

衰弱在全球的发生率较高,严重威胁老年人的健康。通过评估工具或风险预测模型早期快速、有效地识别老年住院衰弱患者并给予相应的干预措施,有助于改善老年人的生活质量和延长预期寿命,减轻家庭、社会负担,减少医疗资源消耗,促进国家老龄化的健康发展。本文对目前常用衰弱风险筛查及评估工具、老年住院患者衰弱风险预测模型的研究进展进行综述,旨在为我国老年住院患者衰弱风险预测模型的构建、应用及推广提供参考。

Frailty has a high prevalence worldwide, posing a significant threat to the health of the elderly population. Using assessment tools or risk prediction models to quickly and effectively identify frail elderly hospitalized patients and appropriate intervention measures can effectively prevent frailty from progressing to disability, which is beneficial for improving the quality of life for the elderly and extending life expectancy, reducing the burden on families, society, and medical resources, and promoting the healthy development of aging population in the country. This paper reviews the new research progress on frailty, which includes screening and assessment tools for frailty risk, frailty risk prediction models for elderly hospitalized patients, aiming to provide reference for the construction, application, and promotion of frailty risk prediction models for elderly hospitalized patients in China.

表1 衰弱风险筛查工具概览
衰弱筛查工具 条目数 衰弱判断标准 优点 缺点
FRAIL量表(FS)[19] 5 疲乏、阻力感增加、活动下降、疾病和体质量减轻中符合3项及以上 操作简便耗时短,适用于老年衰弱人群的筛查 缺乏大规模临床研究证据
临床衰弱量表(CFS)[18] 9 5分及以上提示衰弱 便捷、高效、灵活性强,无需使用客观测量工具,通过临床医生的判断即可完成;可有效预测死亡 对评估者的资质有严格的要求,且评估结果易受评估者主观因素的影响
步行速度(WS)[21] 1 低于1.0 m/s 简单易行,敏感性高,可靠性和重复性强 步速是一个连续变量,诊断衰弱或预测风险的有效截点值不明晰,在不同地区、不同人群、不同年龄间存在差异
计时起立-行走试验(TUGT)[22] 1 超过10 s 简单、耗时短,简单,容易掌握,应用方便;对跌倒有预测作用 不同地区、不同人群、不同年龄预测跌倒临界值存在差异
握力(HG)[1] 1 低于相同年龄与性别的最低5分位数 简单快速、效率高 不同地区异质性高
埃德蒙顿衰弱量表(EFS)[20] 9 8分及以上提示衰弱,得分越高衰弱程度越重 简单易评,能全面地反映患者的整体健康状况,耗时短,可信度高 更适用于急症照护患者或老年人术前检查以评估预后
社区衰弱老人评估表(PRISMA-7)[23] 7 3项及以上异常提示衰弱,分数越高衰弱程度越重 简单易懂,可快速完成 容易把健康老年人也诊为衰弱(假阳性),筛查后需要配合其他工具进行再评估
衰弱快速筛查问卷(FSQ)[24] 5 3分及以上提示衰弱 目前唯一基于我国老年人群开发的快速衰弱筛查工具 需进一步进行跨人群验证
蒂尔堡衰弱指标(TFI)[25] 15 5分及以上提示衰弱 多维性、快速简便、有准确的风险预测价值 缺少"认知衰弱"
表2 衰弱评估工具概览
[1]
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype[J]. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2001, 56(3):M146-M156.
[2]
Cheng MH, Chang SF. Frailty as a risk factor for falls among community dwelling people: Evidence from a meta-analysis[J]. J Nurs Scholarsh, 2017, 49(5):529-536.
[3]
Kojima G. Frailty as a predictor of fractures among community-dwelling older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Bone, 2016, 90:116-122.
[4]
Kojima G. Frailty as a predictor of disabilities among community-dwelling older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 2017, 39(19):1897-1908.
[5]
Kojima G. Frailty defined by FRAIL scale as a predictor of mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2018, 19(6):480-483.
[6]
刘华雪,颜爱英,于文静,等.老年人衰弱原因及不良健康结局的研究进展[J].中国现代医学杂志201929(15):53-57.
[7]
Bernal-López C, Potvin O, Avila-Funes JA. Frailty is associated with anxiety in community‐dwelling elderly adults[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60(12):2373-2374.
[8]
Pinar S, Nicola V, Trevor T, et al. Relationship between depression and frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2017, 78(36):78-87.
[9]
Fanny B, Yves R, Jean-Yves R, et al. Burden of frailty in the elderly population: Perspectives for a public health challenge[J]. Arch Public Health, 2015, 73(1):55-62.
[10]
田鹏,杨宁,郝秋奎,等.中国老年衰弱患病率的系统评价[J].中国循证医学杂志201919(6):656-664.
[11]
Rodriguez-Manas L, Fried LP. Frailty in the clinical scenario[J]. Lancet, 2015, 385(9968):e7-e9.
[12]
Dent E, Lien C, Lim WS, et al. The Asia-Pacific clinical practice guidelines for the management of frailty[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2017, 18(7):564-575.
[13]
Wolff RF, Moons KGM, Riley RD. PROBAST: A tool to assess the risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies.[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2019, 170(1):51-58.
[14]
高霞,惠蓉,张艳,等.糖尿病肾病风险预测模型的研究进展[J].循证护理20239(2):252-255.
[15]
Theou O, Brothers TD, Mitnitski A, et al. Operationalization of frailty using eight commonly used scales and comparison of their ability to predict all-cause mortality[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2013, 61(9):1537-1551.
[16]
Apostolo J, Cooke R, Bobrowicz-Campos E, et al. Predicting risk and outcomes for frail older adults: A protocol for an umbrella review of available frailty screening tools[J]. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep, 2016, 13(12):14-24.
[17]
Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. Physical frailty: ICFSR international clinical practice guidelines for identification and management[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2019, 23(9):771-787.
[18]
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people[J]. CMAJ, 2005, 173(5):489-495.
[19]
Abellan VKG, Rolland YM, Morley JE, et al. Frailty: Toward a clinical definition[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2008, 9(2):71-72.
[20]
Rolfson DB, Majumdar SR, Tsuyuki RT, et al. Validity and reliability of the Edmonton Frail Scale[J]. Age Ageing, 2006, 35(5):526-529.
[21]
Odonkor CA, Schonberger RB, Dai F, et al. New utility for an old tool: Can a simple gait speed test predict ambulatory surgical discharge outcomes[J]? Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2013, 92(10):849-863.
[22]
Ansai JH, Farche A, Rossi PG, et al. Performance of different timed up and go subtasks in frailty syndrome[J]. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 2019, 42(4):287-293.
[23]
Raiche M, Hebert R, Dubois MF. PRISMA-7: A case-finding tool to identify older adults with moderate to severe disabilities[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2008, 47(1):9-18.
[24]
Ma L, Tang Z, Chan P, et al. Novel frailty screening questionnaire (FSQ) predicts 8-year mortality in older adults in China[J]. J Frailty Aging, 2019, 8(1):33-38.
[25]
Gobbens RJJ, Van Assen MALM, Luijkx KG, et al. The tilburg frailty indicator: Psychometric properties[J]. J Am Med Director Assoc, 2010, 11(5):344-355.
[26]
Searle SD, Mitnitski A, Gahbauer EA, et al. A standard procedure for creating a frailty index[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2008, 8:24.
[27]
Steverink N, Slaets J, Schuurmans H, et al. Measuring frailty: Developing and testing the GFI (Groningen Frailty Indicator)[J]. Gerontologist, 2001, 41:236-237.
[28]
Kim SW, Han HS, Jung HW, et al. Multidimensional frailty score for the prediction of postoperative mortality risk[J]. JAMA Surg, 2014, 149(7):633-640.
[29]
De Witte N, Gobbens R, De Donder L, et al. The comprehensive frailty assessment instrument: Development, validity and reliability[J]. Geriatr Nurs, 2013, 34(4):274-281.
[30]
Gilbert T, Neuburger J, Kraindler J, et al. Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: An observational study[J]. The Lancet (British edition), 2018, 391(10132):1775-1782.
[31]
Shebeshi DS, Dolja-Gore X, Byles J. Validation of hospital frailty risk score to predict hospital use in older people: Evidence from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2021, 92:104282.
[32]
Eckart A, Hauser SI, Haubitz S, et al. Validation of the hospital frailty risk score in a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland: Results of a prospective, observational study[J/OL]. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(1):e26923.
[33]
Le KHN, Qian AS, Nguyen M, et al. The hospital frailty risk score as a predictor of readmission after ERCP[J]. Surg Endosc, 2024, 38(1):260-269.
[34]
Renedo D, Acosta JN, Koo AB, et al. Higher hospital frailty risk score is associated with increased risk of stroke: Observational and genetic analyses[J]. Stroke, 2023, 54(6):1538-1547.
[35]
Soong JTY, Kaubryte J, Liew D, et al. Dr Foster global frailty score: An international retrospective observational study developing and validating a risk prediction model for hospitalised older persons from administrative data sets[J/OL]. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(6):e26759.
[36]
Whebell SF, Prower EJ, Zhang J, et al. Increased time from physiological derangement to critical care admission associates with mortality[J]. Crit Care, 2021, 25(1):226.
[37]
刘泳秀,侯铭,韩婷,等.基于决策树与Logistic回归模型的乌鲁木齐市住院老年患者衰弱影响因素分析[J].新疆医科大学学报202043(11):1508-1513.
[38]
Liu H, Jiao J, Zhu M, et al. An early predictive model of frailty for older inpatients according to nutritional risk: Protocol for a cohort study in China[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2021, 21(1):465.
[39]
柳鸿鹏.老年营养不足患者衰弱预警模型的构建、验证与评价[D].北京:北京协和医学院,2022.
[40]
Hassler AP, Menasalvas E, García-García F J, et al. Importance of medical data preprocessing in predictive modeling and risk factor discovery for the frailty syndrome[J]. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak, 2019,19(1):33.
[41]
Tarekegn A, Ricceri F, Costa G, et al. Predictive modeling for frailty conditions in elderly people: Machine learning approaches[J/OL]. JMIR Med Inform, 2020, 8(6):e16678.
[1] 黄洁, 赵丹, 韩冰, 刘波. 腰椎退行性疾病患者术后早期下地时机及效果的研究进展[J]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2024, 19(02): 168-171.
[2] 陈静, 王晓玲, 安康. 老年进展期胃癌术后腹膜转移的相关因素及治疗进展[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 225-228.
[3] 李凤仪, 李若凡, 高旭, 张超凡. 目标导向液体干预对老年胃肠道肿瘤患者术后血流动力学、胃肠功能恢复的影响[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 29-32.
[4] 宋玮, 黄修丽, 李鑫, 史雅琼, 张晔, 邓飞, 高燕. 改良衰弱指数对重症肺部感染的预后分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(01): 119-122.
[5] 宋红霞, 杨英, 陈芳. 老年COPD患者并发骨质疏松症相关危险因素的研究进展[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(06): 895-898.
[6] 张煜彭, 李浩南, 付焱, 冯继伟, 刘凯, 张文凯. 术后房颤对老年髋部骨折患者预后影响的研究进展[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2024, 10(01): 51-56.
[7] 汤峥丽, 王芳, 王唯坚. 中老年人群幽门螺杆菌感染对非酒精性脂肪肝及冠状动脉粥样硬化影响的关联性分析[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(02): 137-140.
[8] 陈润祥, 张大涯, 陈世锔, 张晓冬, 黄士美, 陈晨, 李达, 曾凡, 白飞虎. 281例消化性溃疡出血的临床特征[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(11): 1147-1153.
[9] 李冰冰, 张晓萌, 张艳. 住院患者跌倒风险评估工具及预测模型研究进展[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(11): 1192-1195.
[10] 郭震天, 张宗明, 赵月, 刘立民, 张翀, 刘卓, 齐晖, 田坤. 机器学习算法预测老年急性胆囊炎术后住院时间探索[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(09): 955-961.
[11] 孙爱成, 曹月洲, 贾振宇, 赵林波, 施海彬, 刘圣. 低灌注强度比值对老年急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑卒中患者机械取栓治疗预后的影响[J]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2024, 12(01): 15-21.
[12] 葛静萍, 尹媛媛, 李燕. 梯度压力袜联合间歇充气加压在老年新型冠状病毒肺炎患者预防下肢深静脉血栓形成中的应用[J]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2024, 12(01): 70-74.
[13] 李兰, 向华, 莫伟, 胡琴, 李琴, 吴雅琴, 李玉莲, 彭小蓉. 社区老年人静脉血栓栓塞症认知水平的调查研究[J]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2024, 12(01): 75-81.
[14] 沈洁, 谢鸿阳, 夏翠俏, 黄勇华. 脑小血管病与认知衰弱的研究现状[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 181-184.
[15] 聂倩倩, 程桂荣, 曾燕, 鄢华. 代谢性心血管疾病共病增加中国社区老年人痴呆风险[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 27-32.
阅读次数
全文


摘要